As the global prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, research into the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) in diabetes and its complications has garnered significant attention. EVs are small membrane-bound vesicles secreted by cells into the extracellular space, carrying a variety of biomolecules such as proteins and miRNA, which play crucial roles in intercellular communication and the regulation of biological processes.
This article delves into the mechanisms through which EVs contribute to the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and its associated complications. We focus on the metabolic abnormalities influenced by EVs in conditions like obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, and β-cell dysfunction, which are central to the development and progression of the disease. By examining the interactions between EVs and these key aspects of diabetes, we aim to provide a comprehensive understanding of their role in the onset and progression of diabetic complications.
The findings presented in this review are expected to offer valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetes, contributing to the development of potential therapeutic strategies for managing and treating the disease.
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