In our country, about diabetes, this has been a more common disease, and in recent decades, the prevalence of diabetes in our country has increased significantly, which occurs at different ages at the same time, so everyone pay more attention to their own body, and the harm of children suffering from diabetes is also the most significant, therefore, for the symptoms of childhood diabetes, Parents need to know more and pay attention to it.
Symptoms of childhood diabetes:
Typical symptoms: three more and one less symptoms, that is, polyuria, polydipsia, polyfood and wasting.
Atypical symptoms: Some type 2 diabetes patients have atypical symptoms, only dizziness, fatigue, etc., or even no symptoms. Some early onset or pre-onset stage of diabetes, can appear before lunch or dinner hypoglycemia symptoms.
Manifestations of acute complications: aggravation of the disease under stress and other conditions. May appear loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, aggravated polyuria, dizziness, lethargy, blurred vision, dyspnea, coma and so on.
The main manifestations of chronic complications are:
Diabetic retinopathy: the presence or absence of vision loss and the extent and duration of the decline; Whether the fundus was examined or fluorescein angiography; Whether they have received retinal photocoagulation therapy.
Diabetic nephropathy: there is no edema, increased foamy urine or proteinuria.
Diabetic neuropathy: abnormal skin sensation of limbs, numbness, acupuncture, ant walking. Feeling of cotton on the sole of the foot, alternating diarrhea and constipation, urinary retention, partial sweating or heavy sweating, sexual dysfunction.
Repeated infections: such as repeated skin infections, such as boils, carbuncles, persistent leg and foot ulcers. Recurrent urinary tract infections, rapid progression of tuberculosis. Female vulva pruritus.When parents find out that their child has diabetes, they need to take the following measures to treat it
Drug therapy: insulin injection for diabetic children
Diet therapy: implementation of planned diet
Exercise therapy: exercise regularly every day. The vast majority of children with diabetes need to inject insulin, and insulin is a treatment method of “making up for lack”, but it cannot be cured. Until islet cell transplantation is successful, the method of supplementing insulin is long-term. However, the route of administration can be modified to oral administration. Even if it is injected, it is possible to use a pressure syringe without a needle to avoid the pain of acupuncture. After diabetes, insulin injections can be given at home, except for initial diagnosis and short hospitalization due to emergency reasons. The method of injecting insulin under the skin is simple and easy to master. Just be careful to sterilize, draw and inject insulin doses must be accurate. Insulin injection sites should be dispersed, can be injected in the two upper arms, thighs and abdomen in turn, do not repeat within a month to avoid induration.
In daily life, in addition to cooperating with treatment, children with diabetes should pay attention to the following dietary precautions:
Diet distribution and meal schedule: the distribution ratio is usually determined based on factors such as dietary habits, the time when blood sugar and urine sugar rise, the time when hypoglycemic drugs are taken, especially the time when insulin is injected, and whether the condition is stable. Eat as little and often as possible, regularly and quantitatively, to prevent excessive intake of one time to aggravate the burden of the islets, or a small intake of one time, the occurrence of hypoglycemia or ketoacidosis. All day meals can be distributed on a scale of 1/5, 2/5, 2/5, 1/3, 1/3, and 1/7, 2/7, 2/7.
Cooking principle: The dietary principle of children with diabetes is weighing treatment diet. For the required food, the skin, roots, bones and other inedible parts should be removed before cooking, weighed, processed, and then cooked. In the cooking process, do not add sugar, use less or try not to fry cooking method, to use more stir-fry, steaming, boiling, stewing, simmering and other methods, onion, ginger, soy sauce, vinegar and other seasonings are not limited. Children with diabetes need lifelong diet treatment, usually according to the dietary requirements of the intake of nutrients, but also to take into account the age characteristics of eating habits, as far as possible to achieve rich varieties, delicious, soft texture, easy to digest.
Dietary taboo: children with diabetes should strictly limit pure sugar products such as honey, sucrose, maltose, fructose, etc., such as must eat sweets, can use stevia, xylitol, aspartame and other sweeteners instead of sucrose; High-sugar fruits are fruits with sugar content higher than 10% to 15%, such as persimmon, lychee, red fruit, sugar cane, etc. should not be eaten as far as possible. Watermelon, peach, apple, and jae with low sugar content can be used. Tomatoes, cucumbers, and green radishes can also be used instead. When eating fruit, part of the staple food should be properly reduced, and the time should be properly arranged, preferably between 2 meals.
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